Union Territories Civil Services (UTCS) 
The civil service system in the country has gone through long evolution since its inception. Since Independence it has become far larger, more complex and versatile as a natural consequence of the assumption by the State of the pivotal responsibility for allround social and economic modernisation of the country. From its largely regulatory orientation before Independence, the civil service has become, over the decades of planned economic development, a complex system embodying capabilities and skills needed for development oriented tasks and responsibilities, in addition to the regulatory functions it has traditionally performed.
The rapidly changing professional environment for the civil services all over the world, reflecting rapid changes in the social, economic, technological and other aspects of life, has perceptibly and imperceptibly conditioned the civil service system in our country too. Still, however, there has been a commonly shared perception in the government and the citizenry that somehow there still exists a lag between the expectations of the society and the orientation of the civil service system.
This concern has led the Government of India and some State Governments, to take up, from time to time, several exercises for going into the causes of this lag and to find remedial measures for removing it. The most notable and comprehensive of these initiatives was the work of the Administrative Reforms Commission in the late sixties and the early seventies. The Commission went into all broad aspects of moulding the administration, and therefore, the civil services, to the requirements of their responsibilities. Its recommendations on the subject of training the civil services specifically, were accepted by the Government and implemented substantially.
It is not so much the gap between these recommendations and their implementation that called for a fresh initiative for studying the training situation for the civil services, as the fact that the post-implementation environment, characterised by rapid changes in our society, called for another fresh look at the whole issue. This led to several other exercises being initiated by the Government of India, notable among them being the Economic Administration Reforms Commission (EARC) of the early eighties. The training objectives of the civil services, articulated from this exercise, as well as several other . less comprehensive exercises, led to the designing and implementation of a fresh package of training programmes with their focus on the responsiveness of the administration to the hopes and aspirations of the people.
However, the steps taken since the mid- I 980s have predominantly covered the All India Services and several Group 'A' Central Services, but not so much the other Group 'A' Services, much less, other levels of the civil service system.
Apart from these practical, operational, steps, much work has been done since the days of the A.R.C., to articulate a National Training Policy covering the training requirements of the whole gamut of public administration and public management. However, this has not led to the articulation of a clear and compact policy-package at one place; still it is undisputable that underlying the training efforts of Government, the design of training programmes and their contents, there is perceivable the outlines of an emerging Training Policy.
Apart from being a very important component of Human Resource Development, training is widely perceived as perhaps the most cost effective method of improving the effectiveness of the personnel in any Organisation. Training has now acquired an added relevance for building up the necessary leadership and confidence among the Civil Servants to measure up to the expectations of the public in the context of rapid technological changes, as also the economic and political transformation taking place in the country. Government of India therefore now considers it desirable to have a document containing a formal declaration of its commitment to training and spelling out, in broad terms, the objectives, strategy, content and modalities to be followed in the field of training. Setting up of the Working Group on Formulation of National Training Policy is consequence of this concern.